In Throne's section, it's literal; meanwhile, Hikari isn't acknowledged by his own father until his father realizes Hikari's older brother isn't fit for the throne.
Throne's story especially, which features two characters aptly named Father and Mother. Father gets a little bit of the "he's abusive but he has a sad backstory so his abuse is justified" treatment. Scrutinizing/ bribing Papp, Partitio's father, reveals he ran away from his own parents, but in the present, Papp himself is a good father.
One of the character's stories revolves around killing her 2 adopted parental figures who abused her during her childhood. It's later heavily implied they were abused growing up as well.
The flavor text of two NPCs directly states they are married. One is an adult woman, and the other is a ten-year-old boy. This text is very easy to miss, though, and otherwise, there are no other instances.
This is a tricky question in regards to this game; (SPOILERS) in Throne's later chapters, the main villain is a man whose primary modus operandi is impregnating people. It's never explicitly stated one way or another whether it was consensual or not. You meet one of the mothers of one of his children and she's in terrible shape and begging Throne to kill her child, so it's at least implied.
One of the early bosses is a pair of monsters. When one of them is brought to low HP the healthier one will cannibalize the weaker one for a stat boost.
Several instances of characters being transformed or physically changed in some way against their will and in horrible ways. At least two monsters are implied to have previously been human beings.
Lots and lots of characters, both in backstory and during the plot of the game itself. It's especially painful because you get to know at least one character beforehand.
Multiple times. One character has her mother murdered in her backstory, another characters mother died from overwork, a chapter revolves around the dying mother of a child and one of the main characters kills a girls adopted mother figure in front of her.
Osvald's first two chapters revolve around his time in prison. Prisoners are beaten to death, starved, and deliberately left to freeze. His route is also eventually unavoidable, so proceed with extreme caution if this is a trigger for you.
They appear as an icon in battle when you use a healing skill that removes status effects in battles, but it’s not animated and the image is simplified.
Tricky; Hikari is 'possessed'. Think the 'Dark Passenger' from Dexter. However, this is referred to as a curse, and not DID. Your mileage may vary, though.
A character attempts to commit suicide near the end of the game and is revealed to have failed shortly afterwards. They can be seen recovering in a bed after this.
An important scene in one traveler's final chapter takes place with them beneath the water, alongside their unconscious companion, as a disembodied voice calls out to them. This scene is very brief.
When you use BP, the screen flashes briefly and the light changes color to show how much BP you’re using. If you use BP repeatedly and fast it could cause a seizure or eye strain. This effect, contrary to battle camera movements, cannot be removed in settings, so keep that in mind as you play.
One of the side characters is eventually revealed to be spying on the playable cast. You can find their notes on the main characters and if you watch carefully they can be spotted in the background on a few occasions where they aren't actually an important part of the scene.
Ehhhh. Your mileage may vary; there are two ethnic groups in the game that are obviously meant to be fictional but are also clearly supposed to represent indigenous people. One of these groups arguably falls into the 'noble savage' trope. Conversely, one of the main villains is the sole survivor of a genocide.
Heavily, especially during Temenos' route; for what it's worth, the religion being discussed is a fictional polytheistic religion, but there is a lot of pseudo-Christian imagery and terminology.
Hell is mentioned and a Hell-ish location is shown. The characters in the game primarily follow a fantasy religion that is closer to the Greek pantheon than anything else.
A character behaves sexually inappropriately towards one of the main characters and is later revealed to be that characters half sibling, but they do not actually have any sexual contact. Given the specifics of the situation incestuous relationships can be inferred offscreen, but are never outright confirmed.
Only once, in Partitio's chapter, and it's done by a villain, so you're not supposed to think they're right. Otherwise, when male characters cry, other characters comment that it's a sign of a good heart.
The game never really comments on abortion one way or another. If you really wanted to stretch your interpretation of the game's themes, you could argue Throne's route is implicitly pro-abortion.